Technical specifications of emulsion bitumen types:
The global strategy for protecting the environment and technical and economic considerations has led to the plan to replace emulsion bitumen (or blue bitumen or green bitumen) instead of soluble bitumen in road construction operations and to build factories for the production of emulsion bitumen. Since 1922, the new generation of road-building adhesives, i.e., emulsion bitumen, was used intensively, so that at the end of 1926, about 150,000 tons of emulsion bitumen were produced and consumed in five countries, England, Germany, Denmark, Austria, and India. tour Currently, the consumption of emulsion bitumen in the following countries is as follows
The United States consumes 2,300,000 tons of emulsion bitumen annually, which is 5% of the bitumen used in this country.
France consumes 1,010,000 tons of emulsion bitumen annually, which is 25% of the bitumen used in this country.
Mexico consumes 515,000 tons of emulsion bitumen annually, which is 34% of the bitumen used in this country.
Brazil consumes 400,000 tons of emulsion bitumen annually, which is 5% of the bitumen used in this country.
Spain consumes 350,000 tons of emulsion bitumen annually, which is 18% of the bitumen used in this country.
Japan consumes 316,000 tons of emulsion bitumen annually, which is 5% of the bitumen used in this country.
Thailand consumes 300,000 tons of emulsion bitumen annually, which is 24% of the bitumen used in this country.
England consumes 160,000 tons of emulsion bitumen annually, which is 5% of the bitumen used in this country.
Germany consumes 130,000 tons of emulsion bitumen annually, which is 3% of the bitumen used in this country.
Italy consumes 100,000 tons of emulsion bitumen annually, which is 3% of the bitumen used in this country.
Emulsion bitumen is produced in two types, anionic and cationic. From a technical point of view, cationic emulsion bitumen became popular since 1951 and due to their characteristics, they quickly replaced anionic emulsion bitumen. Water and bitumen do not mix with each other, but the technology of making emulsion bitumen has made it possible to disperse a certain percentage of bitumen in the continuous phase of water. A compound called an emulsifier keeps bitumen particles suspended and stable in a charged form (having an electrical charge) in the continuous phase of water.
In this mixture, the bitumen (which should only be industrial bitumen 50-40, 70-60 or 85-100) does not dissolve in water, but floats in water in the form of very small globules. In some cases, stabilizer may be used along with emulsifier. Bitumen emulsions are mainly liquid-in-liquid emulsions in which the bitumen is dispersed in the water phase. In this type of bitumen emulsions, the amount of bitumen depends on its application, which usually ranges from a minimum of 40% to a maximum of 69%. Bituminous emulsions are divided into three categories: fast-breaking (RS), slow-breaking (MS) and slow-breaking (SS), and in terms of bioelectricity, bitumen suspended particles are divided into three categories: cationic (C), anionic (A) and amphoteric or neutral according to are classified Since emulsifiers are chemical substances with an active surface, they determine the electric charge of the emulsion. In the preparation of bitumen emulsion, a small amount of this chemical substance is added to facilitate the formation of bitumen globules and stable suspension.
Instantaneous breaker, delay breaker, slow breaker, electric load breaker / time breaker
CQS CSS CMS CRS positive charge (cationic)
AQS ASS AMS ARS negative charge (anionic)
Features of emulsion bitumen:
The possibility of transporting to remote places in bulk (with bitumen tanker, truck and trailer) or barrel (preferably oil barrel).
The ability to use asphalt with small thicknesses.
High spread speed of surface or thin asphalt and also, increase of asphalt operation due to drying less than 2 hours.
Suitable for any type of asphalt, base and coating (street-highway-airport runway).
No need for heating during storage, transportation and spraying.
Can be used at ambient temperature (from a minimum temperature of 5 degrees and a maximum of 80 degrees Celsius) and on wet pavements.
Good permeability due to high fluidity.
Non-complexity of required machinery and ease of use.
Fully compatible with the environment and non-polluting both in the manufacturing and production process and in the process of transportation, spraying and breaking.
Rapid breakdown of bitumen emulsion against stone materials and air (only 1 to 2 hours).
It was non-toxic and free of any kind.
Non-flammability during storage, transportation and execution.
Color change from brown to black after the breaking process of bitumen emulsion and preparing for traffic or implementation of the next layer of asphalt.
Indirect heating if the ambient temperature drops to less than 5 degrees Celsius, with a system such as piping hot oil to increase the temperature to 5 to 15 degrees in order to prevent freezing .
Durability in the tank for at least 3 months at the temperature stated in paragraph 6. the moon remains homogeneous and mixed).
Pumping and emptying from the tanker trailer to the bottom of the storage tank and not dropping emulsion bitumen from a height of more than 30 cm (to store in the tank, emulsion bitumen must be pumped to the bottom of the source or with a hose that is stored to the end of the tank If it is pumped from the tanker trailer to the storage tank, it foams and becomes two-phase).
Broken and washed stone materials and not having soil (or 3-0 materials in aggregates) to emulsion bitumen, which due to its high adhesion.
